Automation Levels

There are different levels of autonomous vehicles that are defined as follows level 0 (No Driving Automation), level 1 (Driver Assistance) that is the lowest level of level automation, level 2 (Partial Driving Automation), level 3 (Conditional Driving Automation), level 4 (High Driving Automation), level 5 (Full Driving Automation)

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Not So Autonomous Vehicles: A Path to Consumers’ Changing World

Johanna Zmud • Ipek N. Sener • Barbara Lenz • Victoriya Kolarova

Jul 15, 2020

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Automated Vehicles Symposium

Automated drivability: Toward an assessment of the spatial deployment of level 4 automated vehicles

Aggelos Soteropoulos • Mathias Mitteregger • Martin Berger • JakobZwirchmayr

Jun 1, 2020

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Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

It’s Time to Rethink Levels of Automation for Self-Driving Vehicles

Erik Stayton • Jack Stilgoe

Apr 13, 2020

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SSRN´s eLibrary

A simulation-based, statistical approach for the derivation of concrete scenarios for the release of highly automated driving functions

Nico Weber • Dirk Frerichs • Ulrich Eberle

Mar 1, 2020

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VDE

Users’ Understanding of Automated Vehicles and Perception to Improve Traffic Safety — Results from a National Survey

Kim, W • Kelley-Baker, T • Sener, I N • Zmud, J •Graham, M • Kolek, S

Dec 1, 2019

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2019 AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety

Autonomous Vehicles and Avoiding the Trolley (Dilemma): Vehicle Perception, Classification, and the Challenges of Framing Decision Ethics

Martin Cunneen • Martin Mullins • Finbarr Murphy • Darren Shannon • Irini Furxhi • Cian Ryan

Sep 17, 2019

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Cybernetics and Systems

Long-term implications of automated vehicles: an introduction

Dimitris Milakis

Nov 26, 2018

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Transport Reviews